{"id":34876,"date":"2024-08-14T15:40:03","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T08:40:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/2024\/08\/14\/guides-configure-failover-on-a-compute-instance\/"},"modified":"2026-05-14T10:28:51","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T09:28:51","slug":"guides-configure-failover-on-a-compute-instance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/2024\/08\/14\/guides-configure-failover-on-a-compute-instance\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh Failover tr\u00ean Compute Instance"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Trong \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n Linode h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng qua t\u00ednh n\u0103ng Chia s\u1ebb IP. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p hai Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP duy nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5. N\u1ebfu Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP d\u00f9ng chung s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n ph\u1ee5 (chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng). Khi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c (d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"h-t\u1ea1i-sao-toi-nen-tri\u1ec3n-khai-chuy\u1ec3n-d\u1ed5i-d\u1ef1-phong\">T\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i n\u00ean tri\u1ec3n khai chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng?<\/h2>\n<p>Khi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web, t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng. Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ea1n, thi\u00ean tai ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch). Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, m\u1ecdi trang web ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ed7i duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ed7i duy nh\u1ea5t, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, nh\u01b0 NodeBalancers c\u1ee7a Linode, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nh\u01b0 nginx ho\u1eb7c haproxy kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ednh n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng IP t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. Tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Linode, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua t\u00ednh n\u0103ng Chia s\u1ebb IP v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. NodeBalancers c\u1ee7a Linode k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 NGINX ho\u1eb7c HAProxy, tr\u00ean Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng Chia s\u1ebb IP \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chia s\u1ebb IP<\/h2>\n<p>Trong n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Linode, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean b\u1eadt Chia s\u1ebb IP, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5. T\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Chia s\u1ebb IP thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Xem l\u1ea1i danh s\u00e1ch b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Chia s\u1ebb IP v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"463\" height=\"805\" src=\"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-26.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1250\" srcset=\"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-26.png 463w, http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-26-173x300-1.png 173w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 463px) 100vw, 463px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 \u0111ang n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p m\u1ea1ng, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 khi b\u1eadt Chia s\u1ebb IP v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eadt Chia s\u1ebb IP, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p m\u1ea1ng, Chia s\u1ebb IP s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi (BGP). Xem l\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng IP cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP VLAN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong m\u1ecdi trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n Vlan. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ednh n\u0103ng Chia s\u1ebb IP c\u1ee7a Linode m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ARP, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 keepaliving.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ARP (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u0169): H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 IPv4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf d\u1ea7n. V\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ARP n\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 VRRP (Giao th\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u1ea3o), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 keepaliving. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean BGP (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi): H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn IPv4 (c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 ri\u00eang t\u01b0) v\u00e0 IPv6 (\/64 v\u00e0 \/56). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. V\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn BGP n\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00f3 tr\u00ean Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng lelastic (c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Linode) ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 FRR, BIRD ho\u1eb7c GoBGP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 keepaliving kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vrrp_scripts \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 khi di chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean BGP.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Chia s\u1ebb IP v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 lelastic, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 do Linode cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean GoBGP t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 leelastic cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n khai chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng FRR ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ch BGP n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n. Xem \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng IP qua BPG b\u1eb1ng FRR.<\/p>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u0169 (ARP), thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng IP b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP VLAN.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, th\u00ec nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0m Lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ch\u00fang trong trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n g\u1ea7n nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111\u00f4i khi tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, h\u00e3y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n sau.<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hai Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n n\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o ngay c\u00e1c Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c BGP chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng IP m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv6. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv6 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai. N\u1ebfu Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv6 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n b\u1eadt Chia s\u1ebb IP trong trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean BGP, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Linode.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1eaft Tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, h\u00e3y xem h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m IP d\u00f9ng chung. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea3i IPv6 (\/64 ho\u1eb7c \/56) b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Xem h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 2 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Tr\u00ean Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00e3y th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea3i IPv6 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m IP chia s\u1ebb b\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng Chia s\u1ebb IP c\u1ee7a Linode. Xem Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chia s\u1ebb IP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff4e6\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/p>\n<p>Khi Chia s\u1ebb IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean Lelastic, FRR ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn BGP kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u1eadt Chia s\u1ebb IP tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>2. Th\u00eam IP chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n, th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP d\u00f9ng chung v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng SSH ho\u1eb7c Lish.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>     2. Th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u00ean     d\u01b0\u1edbi, h\u00e3y m\u1edf t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o v\u0103n b\u1ea3n (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nano ho\u1eb7c vim) v\u00e0 th\u00eam c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i t\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3. Khi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay th\u1ebf sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>[shared-ip]: \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 trong d\u1ea3i IPv6 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ph\u1ea1m vi IPv6. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: trong ph\u1ea1m vi 2001:db8:e001:1b8c::\/64, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 2001:db8:e001:1b8c::1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>[Prefix]: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 32. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv6, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 56 ho\u1eb7c 64 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang chia s\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<p>Xem l\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb ch\u01b0a xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, h\u00e3y x\u00f3a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng li\u00ean quan tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Ubuntu 18.04 LTS v\u00e0 m\u1edbi h\u01a1n: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng netplan. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n sao ch\u00e9p l\u1ec7nh <code>lo: <\/code>directive<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>File: \/etc\/netplan\/01-netcfg.yaml<\/code><\/pre>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"935\" height=\"341\" src=\"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1253\" srcset=\"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-27.png 935w, http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-27-300x109-1.png 300w, http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-27-768x280-1.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 935px) 100vw, 935px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u00e3y kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1y:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo netplan apply<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Debian v\u00e0 Ubuntu 16.04 (v\u00e0 c\u0169 h\u01a1n): S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ifupdown. Thay th\u1ebf [giao th\u1ee9c] b\u1eb1ng inet cho IPv4 ho\u1eb7c inet6 cho IPv6.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"893\" height=\"205\" src=\"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-28.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1254\" srcset=\"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-28.png 893w, http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-28-300x69-1.png 300w, http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-28-768x176-1.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u00e3y kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1y:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>nmcli con add type dummy ifname shared<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>i\u1ebfp theo, th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb giao di\u1ec7n m\u1edbi. Ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, thay th\u1ebf [giao th\u1ee9c] b\u1eb1ng ipv4 cho IPv4 ho\u1eb7c ipv6 cho IPv6 (ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf [shared-ip] v\u00e0 [prefix])<\/p>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>nmcli con mod dummy-shared <strong>&#91;<\/strong>protocol<strong>]<\/strong>.method manual <strong>&#91;<\/strong>protocol<strong>]<\/strong>.addresses <strong>&#91;<\/strong>shared-ip<strong>]<\/strong>\/<strong>&#91;<\/strong>prefix<strong>]<\/strong> nmcli con up dummy-shared<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>V\u00ec giao di\u1ec7n loopback kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn -allifs v\u00e0o l\u1ec7nh lelastic (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi).<\/p>\n<h2>3. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh Leastic<\/h2>\n<p>i\u1ebfp theo, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ti\u1ec7n \u00edch lelastic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00e2ng cao, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trong \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng IP qua BPG b\u1eb1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn FRR thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng leastic.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng SSH ho\u1eb7c Lish.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t lelastic b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bkho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef GitHub, tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi lelastic v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong PATH c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt lelastic, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 lelastic (chi ti\u1ebft \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc sau) \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt leelastic, h\u00e3y xem l\u1ea1i trang ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>version=v0.0.6<br>curl -LO https:\/\/github.com\/linode\/lelastic\/releases\/download\/$version\/lelastic.gz<br>gunzip lelastic.gz<br>chmod 755 lelastic<br>sudo mv lelastic \/usr\/local\/bin\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<p>CentOS\/RHEL: N\u1ebfu ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f3 b\u1eadt SELinux (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i CentOS\/RHEL), b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p SELinux th\u00e0nh bin_t.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Sudo chcon -t bin_t \/usr\/local\/bin\/lelastic<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Ti\u1ebfp theo, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn BGP th\u00f4ng qua lelastic. Thay th\u1ebf [id] b\u1eb1ng ID t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean v\u00e0 [vai tr\u00f2] b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>lelastic -dcid &#91;id] -&#91;role] &amp;<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<p>CentOS\/RHEL: V\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n eth0 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i NetworkManager (nh\u01b0 CentOS\/RHEL), n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn -allifs v\u00e0o l\u1ec7nh lelastic.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda t\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng nano ho\u1eb7c vim.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>sudo nano \/etc\/systemd\/system\/lelastic.servic<span style=\"background-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; color: initial;\">e<\/span><\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00e1n n\u1ed9i dung sau v\u00e0o r\u1ed3i l\u01b0u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ec7p. Thay th\u1ebf $command b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh lelast m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>File: etc\/systemd\/system\/lelastic.service<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"is-layout-flow wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n[Unit]<br \/>Description= Lelastic<br \/>After=network-online.target<br \/>Wants=network-online.target<\/p>\n<p>[Service]<br \/>Type=simple<br \/>ExecStart=\/usr\/local\/bin\/$command<br \/>ExecReload=\/bin\/kill -s HUP $MAINPID<\/p>\n<p>[Install]<br \/>WantedBy=multi-user.target<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho t\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo chmod 644 \/etc\/systemd\/system\/lelastic.service<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 lelastic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl start lelastic\nsudo systemctl enable lelastic<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y (v\u00e0 xem b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o)<\/p>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl status lelastic<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00ean Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl stop lelastic \nsudo systemctl disable lelastic<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>Ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng<\/h2>\n<p>Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP d\u00f9ng chung s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP d\u00f9ng chung s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 (chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng). Sau khi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP d\u00f9ng chung s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 (d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng).<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n, c\u1ea3 hai phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 (c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quay l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hai Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n), ping \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP d\u00f9ng chung.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ping &#91;shared-ip]<\/code><\/pre>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-29.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1258\" width=\"840\" height=\"56\" srcset=\"http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-29.png 988w, http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-29-300x20-1.png 300w, http:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-29-768x52-1.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"is-layout-constrained wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv6 th\u00ec m\u00e1y m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh ping ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i IPv6. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ISP \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1eaft phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c d\u1eebng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 k\u00e9m linh ho\u1ea1t tr\u00ean phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3. Khi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng ho\u1eb7c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP d\u00f9ng chung s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl stop lelastic<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i l\u1ec7nh ping. N\u1ebfu ping th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n Linode h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng qua t\u00ednh n\u0103ng Chia s\u1ebb IP. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":35467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34876","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34876"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34876\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35508,"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34876\/revisions\/35508"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34876"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34876"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jupitek.maudemo.vip\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34876"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}